For many years, the first word most foreign visitors learned upon moving to Jakarta was macet, traffic jam.

June Jambiha was a quintessential hustler. Like many in Kenya’s capital of Nairobi, she sold clothing as an informal entrepreneur, her income in 2018 swinging wildly, from $400 one month to $60 the next. This uncertainty made it nearly impossible to plan: hard to save, borrow, or commit to anything beyond the next week. But in Kenya, where over 80% of jobs are informal, hustling was less a choice than the only option available.

Is it nuts to give cash to the poor without strings attached?